澳大利亚达尔文城市

Q1：求:介绍澳大利亚城市达尔文的概况介绍，英文版!

Darwin is the capital city of the Northern Territory, Australia. Situated on the Timor Sea, Darwin has a population of 124,800, making it by far the largest and most populated city in the sparsely populated Northern Territory, but the least populous of all Australias capital cities. It is the smallest and most northerly of the Australian capital cities, and acts as the Top Ends regional centre.
Darwin has grown from a pioneer outpost and small port into one of Australias most modern and multicultural cities. Its proximity to Asia makes it an important Australian gateway to countries such as Indonesia and East Timor. The Stuart Highway begins in Darwin, ending at Port Augusta in South Australia.
The city itself is built on a low bluff overlooking the harbour. Its suburbs spread out over some area, beginning at Lee Point in the north and stretching to Berrimah in the east-past Berrimah, the Stuart Highway goes on to Darwins satellite city, Palmerston, and its suburbs.
The region, like the rest of the Top End, has a tropical climate, with a wet season and a dry season. It receives heavy rainfall during the Wet, and is well-known for its spectacular lightning.
The original inhabitants of the greater Darwin area are the Larrakia people. On 9 September 1839, HMS Beagle sailed into Darwin harbour during its surveying of the area. John Clements Wickham named the region "Port Darwin" in honour of their former shipmate Charles Darwin, who had sailed with them on the ships previous voyage which had ended in October 1836. The settlement there became the town of Palmerston in 1869, and was renamed Darwin in 1911.
Having been almost entirely rebuilt twice, once due to Japanese air raids during World War II and again after being devastated by Cyclone Tracy in 1974, the city is one of Australias most modern capitals.Geography
Darwin skyline from East Point in 2007Darwin is situated in the Northern Territory, on the Timor Sea. The town proper is built on a low bluff overlooking Darwin harbour, flanked by Frances Bay to the east and Cullen Bay to the west. The remainder of the city is flat and low-lying, and coastal areas are home to recreational reserves, extensive beaches, and excellent fishing.
Darwin is closer to the capitals of five other countries than to the capital of Australia: Darwin is 3,137 kilometres (1,949 mi) away from Canberra. Dili (East Timor) is 656 km (408 mi) from Darwin, Port Moresby (Papua New Guinea) is 1,818 km (1,130 mi), Jakarta (Indonesia) is 2,700 km (1,678 mi) from Darwin, Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei) is 2,607 km (1,620 mi) from Darwin, and Melekeok (Palau) is 2,247 km (1,396 mi) from Darwin.
Even Singapore is only slightly farther away at 3,350 km (2,082 mi), as is Manila (Philippines) at 3,206 km (1,992 mi), and Honiara (Solomon Islands) at 3,198 km (1,987 mi). Ambon, Indonesia is only 881 km (547 mi) away from Darwin.
Along with its importance as a gateway to Asia, Darwin also acts as an access point for the Kakadu National Park, Arnhem Land, and northerly islands such as Groote Eylandt and the Tiwi Islands. The city is the largest in the area, and provides services for these remote settlements.
Economy
Darwin CBD (Central Business District), circa 2005The two largest economic sectors are mining and tourism. Mining and energy industry production exceeds $2.5 billion per annum.The most important mineral resources are gold, zinc and bauxite, along with manganese and many others. The energy production is mostly off shore with oil and natural gas from the Timor Sea, although there are significant uranium deposits near Darwin. Tourism employs 8% of Darwin residents, and is expected to grow as domestic and international tourists are now spending time in Darwin during the Wet and Dry seasons. Federal spending is a major contributor to the local economy as well.
The military presence that is maintained both within Darwin, and the wider Northern Territory, is a substantial source of employment. The continued involvement of the Australian Army in the stabilisation of East Timor has swelled the military population of Darwin to over 11,000 individuals as of 2001. There is also a substantial United Nations presence in Darwin, since Darwin serves as the staging center for UN workers and contractors en route to nearby East Timor.
Darwins importance as a port is expected to grow, due to the increased exploitation of petroleum in the nearby Timor Sea, and to the completion of the railway link and continued expansion in trade with Asia.
During 2005, a number of major construction projects started in Darwin. One is the redevelopment of the Wharf Precinct, which includes a large convention and exhibition centre, apartment housing including Outrigger Pandanas and Evolution on Gardiner, retail and entertainment outlets including a large wave pool and safe swimming lagoon. The Chinatown project has also started with plans to construct multi-level carparks, Chinese-themed retail and dining outlets.
Education
Charles Darwin UniversityFurther information: List of schools in the Northern Territory
Education is overseen territory-wide by the Department of Education and Training (DET), whose role is to continually improve education outcomes for all students, with a focus on Indigenous students.
Preschool, primary and secondaryDarwin is served by a number of public and private schools that cater to local and overseas students. Over 16,500 primary and secondary students are enrolled in schools in Darwin, with 10,524 students attending primary education, and 5,932 students attending secondary education. There are over 12,089 students enrolled in government schools and 2,124 students enrolled in independent schools.
There were 9,764 students attending schools in the City of Darwin area. 6,045 students attended primary schools and 3,719 students attended secondary schools. There are over 7,161 students enrolled in government schools and 1,108 students enrolled in independent schools.There are over 35 primary and pre – schools, and 12 secondary schools including both government and non-government. Most schools in the city are secular, but there are a small number of Christian, Catholic and Lutheran institutions. Students intending to complete their secondary education work towards the Northern Territory Certificate of Education, which is recognised in all states and territories. Many of the schools are undergoing renovations and reconstruction. Schools have been restructured into Primary, Middle and High schools since the beginning of 2007.

Q2：求：介绍澳大利亚城市达尔文的概况介绍，英文版！

　达尔文市是澳大利亚北部地区的首府和主要港口，位于帝汶海达尔文港东北入口处的北部顶端，1959年设市，有北方门户之称，因1839年英国著名生物学家达尔文曾到此考察而得名。人口约十万，和其他首府相比，达尔文的人口是最少的。
达尔文属于赤道海洋性气候，天气变化不大，一般只有旱季和雨季。
达尔文原为土著居民的荒芜之地，土著人在两万五千以前就到此定居了。19世纪70年年代因附近发现金矿才逐步发展起来。第二次世界大战期间这里曾为盟军重要的军事基地，遭受了日本64次空袭。1974年圣诞节因遭强台风袭击，市区的建筑物毁于一旦，唯屋顶呈七角形的政府办公楼独存，灾后经过重建，成为一座现代化的城市。
市内的居民有士著人、希腊人、意大利大，华人等。华人于19世纪50年代到达这里，市内有中国寺庙列圣宫。这里的居民喜欢饮啤酒，按平均人口计算，啤酒消费量仅次于德国慕尼黑，居世界第二位。
达尔文市市区中心设在达尔文港口北边的狭长岛上，市郊沿港口扩展，主要大道史密斯街长约20公里，街道两旁棕榈树、桔红色蝴蝶花树和白色素馨花树蔽日成荫，景色秀丽。郊区的范尼湾，原为流放囚犯之地，建有监狱，现在成为居民区和消暑休憩之处。
市区东、西、北面有海滨环绕，碧波金沙，为钓鱼和游泳者的乐园。市内植物园占地34公顷，园内有许多当地特有的热带奇花异草。在北距市中心21公里的亚罗奥加公园里鳄鱼、野牛和澳洲特有的野狗等动物等。在市东南32公里处有霍华德温泉和自然奇观白蚁冢。
这里还产铜、金、铅、锰、铁和铀。为澳北部矿物输出港及贸易中心，同地也是澳、亚、欧洲之间的航空转运站 达尔文是澳大利亚北领地的首府，属热带气候。达尔文一年四季气候温和，这儿的人们享受着悠闲的户外生活。坐落于半岛上的达尔文三面环海，是探索世界遗产卡卡杜国家公园、利奇菲尔德和尼特米鲁克国家公园(Nitmiluk National Parks)、提维群岛和阿纳姆地等自然景区的理想基地。 这座城市是于1869年作为澳大利亚最北部的海港建立起来的，1871年在松树溪附近发现黄金之后，其人口迅速增长。达尔文市在1974年遭遇特雷西飓风(Cyclone Tracy)之后得到重建，这个事件被完整地记录进了北领地博物馆和美术馆，达尔文也因此世界闻名。 丰富多彩的历史造就了达尔文文化的多样性，其10万人口是由多达50个民族组成的，其中包括这片土地的传统主人——Larrakia土著人。要体验这种民族融合所带给人们的文化和美食方面的种种乐趣，最好的去处就是每周一次的集市、各种特色饭店、以及每年的节日和活动。 达尔文有着澳大利亚最年轻的人口结构，这使其具有无限光明的发展前景。 这里气候温暖，全年平均气温32℃。其中五至十月是温季，而十一月至次年四月是热季。 白天，在紧凑的中心商业区旅游，最好是选择步行或者乘坐随上随下的旅游巴士。你也可以沿着蜿蜒穿行于滨海地带的小道，骑自行车环游这座城市。滨海地带环绕着中心商业区，在这儿你可以饱览海港美景。晚上，你可以沉浸在酒吧和夜总会那充满电子气息的激情气氛中，米切尔街(Mitchell Street)上的这些场所是城市夜生活的中心地带；你也可选择在库伦湾(Cullen Bay)尽享美食或在名迪海滩(Mindil Beach)的赌场碰碰运气。在当地的餐馆，你可以品尝到全世界的美食，以及地道的北领地特色菜，如泥蟹、澳洲肺鱼、水牛、袋鼠和鳄鱼。你也可以来到一家高档餐厅，或者一边在露天享受美味佳肴一边欣赏港湾风景，或者在斯托克斯希尔码头(Stokes Hill wharf)尝一碟当地海鲜。 周末，在Parap，Nightcliff和名迪海滩等地到处都是露天集市。你会发现那里摊位云集，汇聚亚洲各国的特色小吃和当地的艺术品及手工艺品。同时你还可以欣赏到音乐家、艺术家的精彩表演和各式街头戏剧，倾听传统的丛林诗，甚至可以免费学习如何扬牧鞭。达尔文港湾大量的澳洲肺鱼和其它热带鱼群使其成为一个世界级的渔场，青绿色的海水又让它成为一处傍晚海上航游的绝佳去处。

Q3：达尔文是英国人,为什么澳大利亚有个达尔文的城市?

澳大利亚以前是英国殖民地，现在也还是英联邦国家，再说都用的英文有重名的很正常。
美国还有牛津剑桥市呢。。。